Under Eye Circles

Under-eye circles, also known as periorbital dark circles, refer to the darkening or shadowing of the skin beneath the eyes. This discoloration may appear brown, bluish, purple, or gray, depending on skin tone and underlying causes. While commonly associated with fatigue, the reality is that many factors contribute to the appearance of dark circles, some of which are genetic or structural.

Under-eye circles may be temporary or persistent. In some individuals, the discoloration is due to pigmentation; in others, it results from volume loss, thin skin, or shadowing from anatomical contours. In many cases, multiple causes overlap.

There is no single cause of under-eye circles. Instead, several contributing factors may be responsible, including:

• Genetics: Many people inherit a predisposition to under-eye pigmentation or skin thinning. Inherited facial structure can also cause shadowing, especially in those with deep-set eyes or a pronounced tear trough (the hollow area under the eyes).
• Pigmentation: Increased melanin production, particularly in people with darker skin tones, may result in hyperpigmentation under the eyes.
• Thin skin and visible blood vessels: The skin beneath the eyes is among the thinnest on the body. As it becomes thinner with age or sun damage, underlying blood vessels may become more visible, giving a purplish or bluish appearance.
• Loss of volume and fat: Aging causes a gradual loss of collagen and fat around the eyes, leading to hollowing and shadowing. This can make the area appear darker, even without excess pigment.
• Allergies and nasal congestion: Chronic allergies or sinus congestion can cause blood to pool under the eyes, creating a dark or puffy appearance. Rubbing the eyes frequently can also worsen pigmentation.
• Poor sleep or fatigue: While not always the cause, inadequate sleep may make dark circles appear more prominent due to reduced circulation and puffiness.
• Sun exposure: UV rays can worsen pigmentation and contribute to the breakdown of collagen, exacerbating both discoloration and under-eye hollows.
• Dehydration and lifestyle factors: Smoking, alcohol use, and poor hydration can make the under-eye area look dull, dry, and tired.

Diagnosis typically involves a visual and physical examination of the under-eye area. Dr. Hibler carefully evaluates the skin tone, texture, pigmentation, and anatomical contours. He may assess whether the discoloration is due to pigment, blood vessels, or structural shadowing. A detailed history, including lifestyle habits, medical conditions, and family history, helps guide the diagnosis and treatment plan.

Dark circles under the eyes are complex and often caused by more than one factor. With a trained eye for skin tone, texture, and facial anatomy, Dr. Brian Hibler offers thoughtful, personalized solutions for each patient. By addressing the root cause, whether it’s pigment, volume loss, or structural shadowing, he helps patients achieve a refreshed, youthful appearance without surgery.

Undereye circles can be effectively treated or camouflaged using a combination of topical ingredients and cosmetic procedures. During your consultation, Dr. Hibler will recommend the most effective topical skincare routine to brighten the skin under your eyes. In some cases, chemical peels and lasers may be used to remove excess pigment. Lasers targeting hemoglobin can be used to remove any visible blood vessels. Resurfacing lasers are an effective option for tightening the skin and reducing laxity and shadowing. Lastly, injectable hyaluronic acid fillers are an effective treatment option for those who have hollowing under the eye (commonly referred to the ‘tear trough’).